LIST 28 - 1822 MUSTER - TROISIEME DIZAINE - NEW SOUTH WALES

 
 
The only muster for New South Wales applicable to the "Troisieme Dizaine" is 
the 1822 Muster, which took place in September of that year. There are 2,687 
members identified from this muster (1,380 males and 1,307 females, 2,344 
colonial born and 343 childhood arrivals).
 
The information presented for each entry includes:
 
 family name
 Christian name
 year of birth 
 parents' names 
 parents' civil status at the time of the child's birth
 parents' marital status at the time of the child's birth 
 colonial born or childhood arrival
 age
 occupation/remarks
 place of residence
 surname as it appears in the original muster 
 reference number linking back to the original source document.
 
The list is ordered; firstly alphabetically on the father's surname then 
chronologically on the child's date of birth.
 
The 1822 Muster itself is in alphabetical order - sort of - with children listed 
under a parent in birth order - sort of. The children of one family are bracketed 
together but their parent is not necessarily the entry directly above their 
grouping which can make identifying their true parents difficult at times. 
 
In some cases, a minority of cases regrettably, both the name and the age of 
the child is recorded. In other cases the name is recorded but not the age. 
In rather too many other cases, the age of the child is recorded but not the 
name, then again other family groups record no names and only the age of the 
oldest and youngest child. Depressingly for the historian, in  still other 
cases neither the name nor the age is recorded. Occasionally the remarks column 
will specify 'son of' or 'daughter of', but mostly it is the unhelpful 'child 
of'. 
 
Unlike in the first two volumes of this series the females have not been 
separated from the males since only five of the girls were "married" by the 
time to the 1822 Muster.
 
The year of birth and parental details are additional information researched 
for this work and not found in the original Muster. Once again the assistance 
of information contained in the Pioneer Register project was invaluable in 
collecting these details.
 
There were 22 duplicate male entries and 16 duplicate female entries reducing 
the total to 2,649 individual members of the "Troisieme Dizaine" (1,358 males 
and 1,291 females). Most of these duplications occurred where a young person 
was employed as a servant or apprentice and was recorded at their place of 
work as well as at their parents homes.
 
The family name for each entry must be handled with care. Often the children 
of the marriage are listed under the name of the mother (and her maiden name) 
rather than their father's surname. In several cases, just to make things even 
more complicated, the children are listed under the surname of their 
stepfather ! 
 
The 1822 Muster has a couple of idiosyncrasies in the spelling of Christian names; 
Catherine habitually has the "e" dropped to give Cathrine and Margaret has the 
"a" dropped to give Margret. On the other hand Louisa gains an "e" as in Louiesa.
 
Six entries had no Christian names recorded:
 
 BENTLEY 1809 [A01271] 
 KENNEDY 1816 [A12083] 
 SMITH 1815 [A06916]
 WILLIAMS 1811 [A22620] 
 WILSON S 1813 [A23009] 
 WILSON 1813 [A23010] 
 
Bentley and Smith are known to be female and S Wilson is know to be male. The 
second Wilson may well be a duplicate of the first. Kennedy and Williams have 
no indication of sex and have been placed in the male column
 
There were 113 members of the "Troisieme Dizaine" in the muster whose parents 
could not be identified. They can all be found  in List 20 "Births from Musters 
and Censae".
 
Thirty nine of the children have no known fathers and no known surnames, these 
are to be found at the end of the muster list.
 
As has so often been the case in this work, the Pioneer Register project has 
provided many of the missing names where they are not specified in the Muster. 
These entries are identified by an asterix (*) and there are 1,135 (42%) 
of them on the list thus making the muster presented in this work a very 
simulated construction. The reader should be aware that in some cases a couple 
had more children eligible for inclusion in the muster than spaces listed, 
in these cases generally the youngest children were selected.
 
The "status" of the entries are either BC - colonial born or CF - came free. 
2,346 were colonial born, 343 came free. In passing it might be noted that 
the original muster lists the name of the ship of arrival for the 'came free' 
but not the year, which can lead to problems with ships which called at the 
colony more than once.
 
No less than 54 entries which recorded a status of "BC" were in fact childhood 
arrivals. On the other hand William Morley, Louisa Panton and Phillip & William 
Purcell were recorded as "CF" when in fact they were all colonial born.
 
William Browning is described as arriving on the 'Friendship' of 1818 when in 
fact he arrived on the 'Friends' in 1811.
 
It should be pointed out that 43 entries had no status recorded and 38 of 
these were girls from the orphan school at Parramatta which did not record status, 
however some of the girls have their ship of arrival listed indicating a 
childhood arrival. Of the five not from the orphan school: Hannah Ash, Henry 
Easley and John Tindall are known to be childhood arrivals and Henry Ash and 
Matthew Everingham are know to be colonial born from other sources.
 
Theoretically in this muster the ages of the colonial born "Troisieme 
Dizaine" should range from 2 to 11 years but of course some of the childhood 
arrivals would be older; the oldest male recorded being Frederick Hunt and 
the oldest female recorded being Mary Ann Hickey, both aged 23 years.
 
The "year of birth" has been researched mainly from the Pioneer Register 
project and is known for all but 39 of the entries in the Muster. Of these; 
fifteen are childhood arrivals, seven were in the orphan school so presumably 
over the age of two years, two were apprentices, four were lodging with another 
household and three were already in employment - indicating that they were all 
probably in the target age group.
 
Almost two thirds (1,772) of the entries have their age recorded in the Muster. 
With regard to the age recorded in the "age" column it will be noticed in 
some cases it does not correspond to the year of birth. For instance there 
are 26 instances of age recorded as "1" when they were older and several 
recorded as 12,13,14 when they were younger. In these cases this may be an 
error in recording on the part of the muster clerks or their parents may 
not have been numerate or it may be that the wrong child has been selected 
from the Pioneer Register records. 
 
The possibilities for "places of residence" would appear to be much restricted 
when compared to for example the 1828 Census. Only fifteen place names have 
been used. 
 
 Table 28.1. - Place of Residence
 
 Place No.
 -----------------------
 Appin 34
 Argyle 13
 Bathurst 19
 Broken Bay 3 
 Castle Hill 3
 Castlereagh 2 
 Emu Plains 1 
 Evan 1
 Liverpool 327
 Newcastle 9
 Parramatta 437
  Port Macquarie 6
 Rooty Hill 2
 Sydney 1188
 Windsor 631
 
Windsor, Sydney, Parramatta & Liverpool account for almost 95%. These 
descriptions should perhaps be taken as regions rather than referring to a 
specific town.
 
Only thirteen entries from six families did not record their place of 
residence including the prominent Piper family.
 
Very few of the "Troisieme Dizaine", had any information recorded in the 
"occupation/remarks" column which is a shame because this is usually the place 
where the most interesting details are to be found. 
 
One would like to think that at their age most of the "Troisieme Dizaine" were 
in school but given the lack of educational facilities in the colony at 
the time, sadly this is probably not the case. In any case the muster is 
annoyingly silent on the schooling of the colony's children.
 
Of the boys only 29 recorded occupations. The range of occupations 
were as follows:
 
 Table 28.2. - Male Occupations
 
 Occupation No.
 --------------------------
 apprentice 12
 employed by 5
  labourer 4
 landholder 3
 servant 5
 
It is not stated in just what capacity five boys were "employed by" but was 
poor William Penkerton really employed at anything at the age of four or James 
Hales at the age of seven?
 
David Hannan, William Marsden and John Reddall, all odler childhood arrivals, 
were the only landholders although John Reddall is the only one actually 
recorded with any land (400 acres).
 
Twelve boys had recorded whom they were "lodgers at" or "living with". Another 
40 recorded that they were either the "son of" or "stepson of" someone.
 
David and Samuel Parker are incorrectly listed as the children rather than 
the grandchildren of Edward Pugh.
 
For some unknown reason Richard Oldfield is listed as a child of M Levey and 
Andrew Armstrong as a child of M Buckley.
 
Only five of the "Troisieme Dizaine" girls were recorded with a husband in 
the muster. Given their age range it  comes as no surprise that none were 
colonial born and all five were childhood arrivals. Sarah Pear had married John 
Rowley in 1819 and appeared under his surname. Mary Ann Sellers had married 
Thomas Scarr in 1821 but appears under her maiden name still. Ann Duffy, 
Elizabeth Leach and Elizabeth Toft were not legally married to their "husbands" 
and appear under their own surnames.
 
 Ann DUFFY ux Charles EVANS 
 Elizabeth LEACH ux John  WOOD 
 Sarah PEAR ux John ROWLEY 
 Mary Ann SELLERS ux Thomas SCARR 
 Elizabeth TOFT ux William MANNIX 
 
Charlotte Hannan is incorrectly recorded as the wife of David Hannan when 
she was in fact his sister.
 
Of the girls only 26 recorded occupations. The range of occupations 
were as follows:
 
 Table 28.3. - Female Occupations
 
 Occupation No.
  --------------------------
 employed by 9
 landholder 1
 servant 16
 
It is not stated in just what capacity nine girls were "employed by" but was 
poor Ann Crisp really employed at anything at the age of seven or Sarah Hale 
at the age of nine?
 
Was Ann Hicks really a landholder at the age of six?
 
Of the "servants" one might expect the older childhood arrivals to be mainly 
represented but eight were in fact colonial born. Poor Ann Trainer who was 
only eight and poor Mary Lewis who was only nine were already working as 
servants.
 
Eleven girls had recorded whom they were "lodgers at" or "living with". Another 
34 recorded that they were either the "daughter of", "stepdaughter of", 
"granddaughter of" or "sister of" someone.
 
Ann McGrath was recorded as adopted by P Darcey, Mary Ann Scott was adopted 
by Mrs Broughton and Ann Walker was a child by adoption of Charles Walker.
 
One aspect of the "Troisieme Dizaine" which is most sad is the number of 
orphans; sixty boys and fifty two girls. Fifty six of the boys were recorded 
at the male orphan school at Sydney and forty eight of the girls were recorded 
at the female orphan school at Parramatta. It is even sadder to think that 
many of them remain 'orphans' in the historical sense as well because their 
parents have not been identified at this time. In spite of all this, one can 
only hope that they went on to have happy, if obscure, lives. At the female 
orphanage the clerks there tended to not even record the age of the girls. 
At the male orphanage the clerks were a little more diligent and did record 
ages. 
 
Charles Wall is listed as an orphan at Parramatta, but this of course was a 
female institution, so either his Christian name or his location are incorrect.
 
Mercifully none of the "Troisieme Dizaine" had criminal sentences recorded 
against them although Charles Shoal found himself incarcerated at the 
Female Factory in Parramatta, no doubt in company with his mother.
 
The 1822 Muster has a second part called the "Land and Stock Muster of 
New South Wales 1822". As the name suggests, it is a record of all the 
landholders in the colony, listing the total number of acres each person 
holds, how the land was obtained (grant or purchase), the number of acres 
under cultivation and what type of crops are grown (wheat, maze, barley, pease, 
beans, potatoes,  fruit) as well as the number of stock held and their types 
(horses, cattle, sheep, hogs). 
 
Men appearing in this second list have a reference number starting with 
"B" which has been added to their "remarks column" details. Only the total number 
of acres held is recorded in this list but the reader is directed to the original 
entry for more complete information about the agricultural activities of their 
person of interest.
 
As noted above John Reddall was the only entry listed with any land.

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